{"id":11915,"date":"2016-03-04T14:09:24","date_gmt":"2016-03-04T12:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apador.org\/?p=11915"},"modified":"2026-02-10T14:25:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T12:25:48","slug":"de-ce-dreptul-la-un-proces-echitabil-este-relativ","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/de-ce-dreptul-la-un-proces-echitabil-este-relativ\/","title":{"rendered":"De ce dreptul la un proces echitabil este relativ"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-en\">Sorry, this entry is only available in <a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11915\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-ro\" title=\"Rom\u00e2n\u0103\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Drepturile \u0219i libert\u0103\u0163ile prev\u0103zute \u00een Conven\u0163ia European\u0103 a Drepturilor Omului (Conven\u0163ia) \u015fi \u00een Protocoalele adi\u0163ionale la Conven\u0163ie pot fi \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163ite \u00een dou\u0103 mari categorii:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1-Drepturi <strong><em>absolute<\/em><\/strong> = drepturi\/libert\u0103\u0163i de la care nu exist\u0103 <em>excep\u021bii<\/em> \u0219i de la care nu se poate <em>deroga<\/em> niciodat\u0103 \u015fi \u00een nicio \u00eemprejurare (nici \u00een caz de r\u0103zboi sau de pericol public ce amenin\u0163\u0103 via\u0163a unei na\u0163iuni)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>2\u2014Drepturi <strong><em>relative<\/em><\/strong> = drepturi\/libert\u0103\u0163i de la care exist\u0103 <em>excep\u021bii<\/em> sau de la care se poate <em>deroga<\/em>, temporar, \u00een situa\u0163ii excep\u0163ionale (\u00een caz de r\u0103zboi sau sau de pericol public ce amenin\u0163\u0103 via\u0163a unei na\u0163iuni).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Astfel, \u00een articolul 15 paragraful 1 din Conven\u0163ie, articol intitulat sugestiv \u201e<em>Derogare \u00een caz de stare de urgen\u0163\u0103<\/em>\u201d, se prevede c\u0103 \u00een caz de r\u0103zboi sau de alt pericol public ce amenin\u0163\u0103 via\u0163a na\u0163iunii, statele semnatare pot lua m\u0103suri restrictive de drepturi \u015fi libert\u0103\u0163i, m\u0103suri care <strong><em>derog\u0103<\/em><\/strong> de la obliga\u0163iile prev\u0103zute de Conven\u0163ie. M\u0103surile derogatorii pot fi luate numai temporar (art. 15 par. 3 din Conven\u0163ie).<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen articolul 15 paragraful 2 din Conven\u0163ie sunt prev\u0103zute expres anumite drepturi\/libert\u0103\u0163i de la care nu se poate deroga niciodat\u0103, nici \u00een caz de r\u0103zboi sau de pericol public major. Printre aceste drepturi de la care nu se poate deroga niciodat\u0103 \u015fi pentru niciun motiv nu este men\u0163ionat \u015fi dreptul la un proces echitabil, prev\u0103zut \u00een articolul 6 din Conven\u0163ie.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, din punct de vedere teoretic, <em>dreptul la un proces echitabil<\/em> nu poate fi \u00eencadrat printre drepturile absolute. Pentru c\u0103 admite derog\u0103ri \u00een caz de stare de urgen\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Aceasta nu \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, c\u0103 pe timp de pace sau \u00een lipsa unui pericol public major, dreptul la un proces echitabil poate cunoa\u015fte excep\u0163ii\/derog\u0103ri. Cu alte cuvinte, \u00een vremuri \u201enormale\u201d dreptul la un proces echitabil trebuie respectat integral. Dar, \u00een vremuri \u201eexcep\u0163ionale\u201d, acest drept poate cunoa\u015fte unele limit\u0103ri (de exemplu, prin simplificarea sau urgentarea unor proceduri judiciare), \u0163in\u00e2nd cont de situa\u0163ia excep\u0163ional\u0103 \u00een care se afl\u0103 statul respectiv.<\/p>\n<p>O situa\u0163ie similar\u0103 exist\u0103 \u015fi \u00een cazul <strong><em>dreptului la libertate \u015fi la siguran\u0163\u0103<\/em><\/strong>, prev\u0103zut \u00een articolul 5 din Conven\u0163ie. Nici acest drept nu este men\u0163ionat \u00een articolul 15 paragraful 2 din Conven\u0163ie printre drepturile de la care nu se poate deroga niciodat\u0103 \u015fi pentru niciun motiv.<\/p>\n<p>Dar, ca \u0219i \u00een cazul dreptului la un proces echitabil, pe timp de pace sau \u00een lipsa unui pericol public major, dreptul la libertate \u015fi siguran\u0163\u0103 nu poate cunoa\u015fte excep\u0163ii\/derog\u0103ri. Restr\u00e2ngerile acestui drept sunt posibile numai \u00een situa\u0163ii excep\u0163ionale, mai precis \u00een cazul st\u0103rii de urgen\u0163\u0103 la care se refer\u0103 articolul 15 paragraful 1 din Conven\u0163ie.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<article  class=\"iconbox iconbox_left_content    avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class=\"iconbox_icon heading-color\" aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue828' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  style='background-color:#7bb0e7; ' ><\/div><div class=\"iconbox_content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><h3 class='iconbox_content_title  '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Exemplul Fran\u021bei<\/h3><\/header><div class='iconbox_content_container  '  itemprop=\"text\"  ><p>Un exemplu practic \u00een acest sens \u00eel reprezint\u0103 situa\u0163ia din Fran\u0163a. Dup\u0103 atentatele teroriste din 13 noiembrie 2015, soldate cu 130 de mor\u0163i \u015fi peste 350 de r\u0103ni\u0163i, \u00een Fran\u0163a a fost adoptat\u0103 de parlament o lege prin care s-a declarat, temporar, starea de urgen\u0163\u0103 \u015fi au fost adoptate m\u0103suri derogatorii de la unele drepturi\/libert\u0103\u0163i prev\u0103zute \u00een Conven\u0163ie. M\u0103surile afecteaz\u0103, printre altele, dreptul la via\u0163a privat\u0103 (de exemplu, sunt permise perchezi\u0163iile administrative, care nu sunt autorizate de c\u0103tre un judec\u0103tor), dreptul la libertate \u015fi la siguran\u0163\u0103 (de exemplu, o specie de arest la domiciliu care poate fi dispus de ministrul de interne, \u00een loc de un judec\u0103tor).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article>\n<p>Desigur, este de nedorit orice restr\u00e2ngere a unui drept prev\u0103zut \u00een Conven\u0163ie. Cu toate acestea, trebuie precizat c\u0103 exist\u0103 \u015fi este prev\u0103zut\u0103 expres chiar \u00een corpul Conven\u0163iei, \u00een art. 15, posibilitatea ca, \u00een situa\u0163ii excep\u0163ionale (\u201e\u00een caz de stare de urgen\u0163\u0103\u201d), unele drepturi s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi restr\u00e2nse. Din p\u0103cate, terorismul poate genera astfel de situa\u0163ii.\u00a0Faptul c\u0103, temporar, a luat unele m\u0103suri care derog\u0103 de la Conven\u0163ie, dar care sunt conforme cu art. 15 din Conven\u0163ie, nu face din Fran\u0163a un stat mai pu\u0163in democratic dec\u00e2t era \u015fi este.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Rom\u00e2n\u0103. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Desigur, este de nedorit orice restr\u00e2ngere a unui drept prev\u0103zut \u00een Conven\u0163ie. Cu toate acestea, trebuie precizat c\u0103 exist\u0103 \u015fi este prev\u0103zut\u0103 expres [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":568,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[1889,1888],"class_list":["post-11915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-resurse-utile","tag-drept-relativ","tag-proces-echitabil"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11915"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11915\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11916,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11915\/revisions\/11916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}