{"id":4661,"date":"2019-12-18T19:19:39","date_gmt":"2019-12-18T17:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.apador.org\/blog\/?p=4661"},"modified":"2020-08-12T13:08:38","modified_gmt":"2020-08-12T11:08:38","slug":"politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Poli\u021bia viitorului \u0219i justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 de profani (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>De ce e obligatorie prelevarea de ADN de la oricine \u00eencape pe m\u00e2inile poli\u021biei \u00een UK<\/li>\n<li>Cum intercepteaz\u0103 poli\u021bia britanic\u0103 telefoanele<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e2nd poli\u021bia \u0219tie c\u0103 urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 comi\u021bi o infrac\u021biune<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sectie-politie-noua.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4652\" title=\"Sediul modern al Poli\u021biei Patchway\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sectie-politie-noua-800x502.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"377\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen 1984, \u00eentr-un or\u0103\u0219el satelit al Bristolului, Bath, a fost violat\u0103 \u0219i ucis\u0103 cu multiple lovituri de cu\u021bit o adolescent\u0103 de 17 ani, Melanie Road. Poli\u021bia nu a reu\u0219it s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 niciun suspect \u00een cazul ei timp de 30 de ani c\u00e2nd, printr-un accident al sor\u021bii a fost prins f\u0103pta\u0219ul. \u00cen 2015 o t\u00e2n\u0103r\u0103 a ajuns la poli\u021bie \u00een urma unui scandal cu partenerul de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i p\u0103rin\u021bii ei.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00centre timp, din 1995 \u00een UK se constituise baza na\u021bional\u0103 de ADN \u0219i fusese instituit\u0103 prelevarea obligatorie de ADN de la fiecare persoan\u0103 care intr\u0103 pe m\u00e2inile poli\u021biei. Odat\u0103 recoltate ADN-uri noi, ele sunt comparate automat cu cele din baza de date de la cazuri nerezolvate. S-a constatat c\u0103 ADN-ul tinerei recalcitrante din 2015 era foarte asem\u0103n\u0103tor cu cel al uciga\u0219ului Melaniei, prelevat \u00een 1984 de pe hainele ei. I s-a cerut \u0219i tat\u0103lui tinerei s\u0103 dea o mostr\u0103 de ADN \u0219i a\u0219a a fost g\u0103sit f\u0103pta\u0219ul. Un b\u0103rbat care \u00een 1984 avea 30 de ani, tr\u0103ia \u00een aceea\u0219i zon\u0103 cu Melanie, \u0219i care, dup\u0103 ce f\u0103cuse crima, se c\u0103s\u0103torise, f\u0103cuse trei copii \u0219i dusese o existen\u021b\u0103 model \u00een societate. 30 de ani mai t\u00e2rziu avea s\u0103 fie descoperit printr-o \u00eent\u00e2mplare generat\u0103 chiar de fiica lui. Cazul a fost un \u0219oc pentru mul\u021bi, \u00een special pentru familia criminalului care, \u00een 2016, a primit \u00eenchisoare pe via\u021b\u0103. Dar mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t a justificat \u00eentr-un mod greu de comb\u0103tut existen\u021ba acestei b\u0103nci na\u021bionale de ADN care este, \u00een fond, o form\u0103 cam greu de digerat de intruziune a statului \u00een via\u021ba privat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/amprente.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-4610 size-medium\" title=\"Aparatul pentru amprente\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/amprente-232x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>A\u0219a am aflat \u0219i noi c\u0103 ADN-ul este o prob\u0103 obligatoriu prelevat\u0103 de la re\u021binu\u021bi \u0219i aresta\u021bi, atunci c\u00e2nd ajung la poli\u021bie, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 amprente \u0219i fotografii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; La noi se face asta? l-am \u00eentrebat pe unul dintre poli\u021bi\u0219tii veni\u021bi \u00een vizita de studiu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; Ei se face! Cine are bani la noi s\u0103 fac\u0103 at\u00e2tea ADN-uri, \u0219tii c\u00e2t cost\u0103 un test?! P\u0103i noi \u00eenc\u0103 lu\u0103m amprente cu tu\u0219, pe h\u00e2rtie, ca pe vremuri&#8230; mi-a r\u0103spuns poli\u021bistul, privind cu invidie la aparatul modern, de dimensiunea unui xerox, la care poli\u021bi\u0219tii englezi luau amprentele aresta\u021bilor prin scanare, introduc\u00e2ndu-le astfel direct \u00een baza de date.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Rom\u00e2nii, locul 3 la arest\u0103ri \u00een Bristol, dup\u0103 englezi \u0219i polonezi <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen vizit\u0103 la Patckway, cea mai modern\u0103 sec\u021bie de poli\u021bie situat\u0103 \u00een sudul Bristolului, am fost condu\u0219i de sergentul John prin arestul amenajat futurist, ca o nav\u0103 spa\u021bial\u0103 care are \u00een mijloc un centru circular de comand\u0103, iar cele 48 de celule individuale sunt dispuse pe ni\u0219te holuri ca ni\u0219te raze \u00een jurul centrului. De\u0219i moderne, celulele sunt spartane ca dot\u0103ri: un prici \u00eengust cu o saltea din plastic, un wc \u0219i o chiuvet\u0103 sunt singurele \u201edot\u0103ri\u201d din celulele de arest. Nu exist\u0103 televizor sau lumin\u0103 natural\u0103, iar aresta\u021bii sunt monitoriza\u021bi video inclusiv \u00een celule. Pe ecranul supraveghetorului apare un mic p\u0103trat negru doar \u00een dreptul wc-ului din celul\u0103, \u00een rest arestatul nu are intimitate nici m\u0103car la du\u0219, care este amplasat la vedere, \u00een cap\u0103tul coridorului cu celule. Practic oricine trece pe hol poate s\u0103-i vad\u0103 jum\u0103tatea de sus a corpului celui care face du\u0219 acolo.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/arest.jpg\">\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/arest.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4612 size-medium\" title=\"Drepturile arestatului \u0219i cartea procedurilor poli\u021biei\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/arest-300x213.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\" \/>\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4633 size-medium\" title=\"O celul\u0103 veche, scoas\u0103 din uz\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche-705x397.jpg 705w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dus-arest.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4641 size-medium\" title=\"Du\u0219ul la vedere\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dus-arest-204x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche.jpg\">\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4634 size-medium\" title=\"U\u0219a unei celule moderne\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-189x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"189\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-189x300.jpg 189w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-444x705.jpg 444w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-504x800.jpg 504w, https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 189px) 100vw, 189px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/celula-arest-veche.jpg\">\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e2nd ajunge la poli\u021bie, arestatul afl\u0103: c\u0103 are dreptul la un avocat, c\u0103 are dreptul s\u0103 dea un telefon \u0219i i se ofer\u0103 cartea de proceduri a poli\u021biei, spre lectur\u0103, \u00een caz c\u0103 vrea s\u0103 \u0219tie mai multe despre ce pot sau nu pot poli\u021bi\u0219tii s\u0103-i fac\u0103. Pe peretele de l\u00e2ng\u0103 biroul unde i se iau datele, arestatul vede un afi\u0219 pe care scrie \u00een mai multe limbi: \u201eAve\u021bi nevoie de un avocat\u201d \u0219i este \u00eendemnat s\u0103 cear\u0103 poli\u021biei s\u0103-i cheme un avocat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mai departe, spune John, poate s\u0103-\u0219i aprofundeze drepturile citind cartea cu procedurile poli\u021biei sau poate s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eentrebe avocatul, interpretul sau reprezentantul ambasadei, dac\u0103 este str\u0103in. Formularul cu drepturile arestatului, dou\u0103 foi A4 tip\u0103rite fa\u021b\u0103 verso, este tradus \u00een mai multe limbi inclusiv rom\u00e2n\u0103 (rom\u00e2nii ocup\u0103 locul 3 \u00een clasamentul aresta\u021bilor din Bristol, dup\u0103 englezi \u0219i polonezi). Acest formular i se ofer\u0103 arestatului \u00een momentul \u00een care este condus \u00een celul\u0103, dup\u0103 ce i se preleveaz\u0103 amprente, probe ADN \u0219i este consultat de un medic.<a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/arest2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-4613\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/arest2-254x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Audierea are loc \u00eentr-o \u00eenc\u0103pere izolat\u0103, dotat\u0103 cu aparatur\u0103 audio-video, de\u0219i nu toate audierile se \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 \u0219i video. \u00cens\u0103 absolut toate sunt \u00eenregistrate audio, apoi cineva st\u0103 la computer \u0219i transcrie \u00eenregistrarea, pentru acele cazuri care merg la instan\u021b\u0103. A\u0219a rezult\u0103 declara\u021bia inculpatului, care nu este silit s\u0103 scrie nimic de m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een timpul audierii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De aici \u00eencolo poli\u021bistul trebuie s\u0103 \u00eentocmeasc\u0103 dosarul \u0219i de cele mai multe ori dup\u0103 ce las\u0103 suspectul \u00een arest se \u00eentoarce la locul faptei pentru prelevarea de probe. Foarte rar ajunge \u0219i la procuror, \u00een majoritatea cazurilor poli\u021bistul are \u0219i puterea \u0219i libertatea de a face cercetarea penal\u0103 pe cont propriu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Cum se intercepteaz\u0103 telefoanele \u00een \u021bara lui Big Brother<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/uniforme.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4657\" title=\"Uniforme de poli\u021bie din vremea lui Sherlock\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/uniforme-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Paul, un ofi\u021ber de investiga\u021bii de la aceea\u0219i sec\u021bie Patckway, spune c\u0103 procurorul ajunge s\u0103 coordoneze numai cazurile complicate &#8211; crime, violuri, terorism. \u00cen cele mai multe cazuri, mai ales c\u00e2nd acuzatul \u00ee\u0219i recunoa\u0219te fapta, poli\u021bistului \u00eei e l\u0103sat\u0103 puterea de a decide dac\u0103 e \u00een interesul publicului ca acel caz s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la curte sau s\u0103 se finalizeze doar cu o amend\u0103. \u201e<em>Dac\u0103 e la prima abatere, de exemplu pe fond de be\u021bie, arestatul este trimis la terapie. Dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la curte, asta se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een maximum 6 luni<\/em>\u201d, explic\u0103 Paul.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Poli\u021bi\u0219tii insist\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een general merg pe preven\u021bie \u0219i pe m\u0103suri alternative la arest sau condamnare, mai ales c\u0103 de cinci ani s-a votat \u0219i la ei legea care permite arestul la domiciliu. Totu\u0219i, din statisticile prezentate de sergentul John afl\u0103m c\u0103 \u00een 2018 au avut peste 23.000 de aresta\u021bi numai \u00een regiunea Bristol, ceea ce e dublu comparativ cu Bucure\u0219tiul, de exemplu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Puterea poli\u021bi\u0219tilor englezi i-a impresionat pe colegii lor rom\u00e2ni mai ales c\u00e2nd au aflat c\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd e nevoie de interceptarea convorbirilor unor suspec\u021bi, poli\u021bi\u0219tii nu au nevoie de un ordin de la judec\u0103tor sau procuror, ci e suficient s\u0103-\u0219i informeze un superior care s\u0103 \u00eencuviin\u021beze interceptarea. Iar asta se poate petrece, cum se zice pe la noi, f\u0103r\u0103 num\u0103r, pe termen nelimitat, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd poli\u021bi\u0219tii consider\u0103 c\u0103 \u0219i-au atins scopul intercept\u0103rii. Iar la final, spre deosebire de legisla\u021bia rom\u00e2n\u0103, nici nu sunt obliga\u021bi s\u0103 informeze interceptatul c\u0103 a fost urm\u0103rit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia interceptarea e limitat\u0103 la 6 luni, \u00eei explic\u0103 un poli\u021bist rom\u00e2n ofi\u021berului Paul.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0218i dac\u0103 nu reu\u0219i\u021bi s\u0103 prinde\u021bi nimic \u00een alea 6 luni? \u00eentreab\u0103 Paul uimit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; Ghinion! r\u0103spunde sec poli\u021bistul nostru.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e2nd am ajuns la sec\u021bia Patckway am fost primi\u021bi la intrare de sergentul Sean secondat de dou\u0103 colege mai tinere. To\u021bi trei \u00een uniforme, de parc\u0103 ar fi venit \u00een patrulare. Apoi cele dou\u0103 tinere au preluat sarcina de servire cu biscui\u021bi \u0219i ceai, \u00een timp ce Sean \u0219i superiorul lor, tot un b\u0103rbat, au condus discu\u021biile. La un moment dat, femeile din delega\u021bia noastr\u0103 au sim\u021bit nevoia s\u0103 le dea cuv\u00e2ntul \u0219i celor dou\u0103 poli\u021biste. Am aflat astfel c\u0103 fetele sunt \u201efa\u021ba prietenoas\u0103\u201d a poli\u021biei, c\u0103 sunt mai prezente \u00een comunitate unde, ca orice poli\u021bist de proximitate, \u0219tiu tot ce mi\u0219c\u0103 \u00een zonele lor. \u201e<em>Sunt oameni care prefer\u0103 s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103 cu ele dec\u00e2t cu noi. Fetele sunt inteligence-ul, iar b\u0103ie\u021bii cu for\u021ba<\/em>\u201d, a conchis m\u0103gulitor sergentul.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e2t c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 un poli\u021bist englez<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/salariu-anual-politie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4651 size-medium\" title=\"C\u00e2\u0219tiguri anuale \u00een poli\u021bia britanic\u0103\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/salariu-anual-politie-300x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"247\" \/><\/a>Procentul de femei \u00een poli\u021bia britanic\u0103 nu e mare \u2013 344 dintr-un total de 3102 poli\u021bi\u0219ti \u2013 \u0219i asta nu dintr-o politic\u0103 sexist\u0103 de cadre, ci pentru c\u0103 ele nu \u0219i-ar dori aceast\u0103 meserie, ni se spune. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia e o alt\u0103 problem\u0103, intervine un poli\u021bist de la noi. Avem un procent foarte mare de fete la Academia de poli\u021bie, dar ele renun\u021b\u0103 pe parcurs la activitatea operativ\u0103, prefer\u00e2nd munca de birou, ceea ce d\u0103uneaz\u0103 efectivelor operative care sunt astfel p\u0103gubite de personal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nici poli\u021bia din Bristol nu o duce bine la efective. Au pierdut mul\u021bi poli\u021bi\u0219ti prin pensionare \u0219i li s-a t\u0103iat recent \u0219i 30% din buget, ceea ce face ca un job \u00een for\u021ba de ordine public\u0103 s\u0103 nu fie prea tentant pentru tinerele genera\u021bii. Salariul anual al unui debutant \u00een poli\u021bie e de 20.880 de lire, iar cel mai mare salariu la care se poate ajunge \u00een poli\u021bie este de 40.128 de lire anual. Totu\u0219i, poli\u021bia Bristol e cea mai bun\u0103 din regat, spune Andy Marsh, \u0219eful \u00eentregii structuri poli\u021biene\u0219ti din \u021binutul Avon \u0219i Somerset (un fel de jude\u021b al Bristolului, care \u00eenglobeaz\u0103 c\u00e2teva ora\u0219e \u0219i zone rurale cu un total de 1,7 milioane de locuitori). \u00cen England \u0219i Wales sunt 43 de astfel de \u201ejude\u021be\u201d, fiecare cu poli\u021bia ei \u0219i, ceea ce e mai surprinz\u0103tor, fiecare cu baza ei de date separat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/comisioner.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4635\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/comisioner-203x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"203\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>Andy Marsh are 32 de ani vechime \u00een poli\u021bie, conduce poli\u021bia din Bristol din 2016 \u0219i are autonomie total\u0103 ca s\u0103 fac\u0103 asta, de\u0219i a fost \u201eangajat\u201d cum \u00eei place s\u0103 spun\u0103 de un soi de prefect jude\u021bean, o femeie politician. A fost primul poli\u021bist britanic care a purtat camer\u0103 video pe uniform\u0103 \u2013 bodycam \u2013 \u0219i ulterior a ajuns \u0219i \u00een SUA ca s\u0103-i \u00eenve\u021be \u0219i pe americani filosofia bodycam-ului. Ne spune c\u0103 oamenii lui gestioneaz\u0103 un \u021binut cu un amestec mare de popula\u021bii din peste 180 de \u021b\u0103ri, cu cel pu\u021bin tot at\u00e2tea limbi vorbite \u0219i obiceiuri. Principala lor provocare: s\u0103 fie \u201epoli\u021bia tuturor\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cei 6000 de angaja\u021bi c\u00e2\u021bi are Poli\u021bia Bristol (din care numai jum\u0103tate sunt poli\u021bi\u0219ti de fapt) sunt distribui\u021bi \u00een c\u00e2teva direc\u021bii: inteligence (suport operativ), investiga\u021bii criminale, poli\u021bia de proximitate \u0219i poli\u021bia de interven\u021bii rapide. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 asta mai exist\u0103 HR, IT \u0219i financiar, ca la orice companie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Tot ce \u0219tie poli\u021bia despre tine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De-a lungul vizitei noastre mai mul\u021bi ofi\u021beri de poli\u021bie ne-au spus c\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd au intrat ei \u00een sistem \u2013 15-20-25 de ani \u00eenainte \u2013 imaginea poli\u021biei era proast\u0103 din cauza corup\u021biei, dar c\u0103 de atunci se tot lucreaz\u0103 la schimbarea acestei percep\u021bii. Andy Marsh admite \u0219i el c\u0103 \u00een poli\u021bia lui continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie probleme, chiar cu o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een urm\u0103 concediase un poli\u021bist pentru c\u0103 lovise un arestat \u00eenc\u0103tu\u0219at. Apoi ne-a povestit de un altul despre care descoperiser\u0103 c\u0103 nu-\u0219i mai pornise camera video de c\u00e2teva luni. Andy Marsh se m\u00e2ndre\u0219te s\u0103 fie artizanul introducerii acestui sistem de \u00eenregistrare video la purt\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sediu-politie1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4654\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sediu-politie1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Ini\u021bial credeam c\u0103 aceste camere vor aduna eviden\u021be, dar s-a dovedit c\u0103 au mult mai multe avantaje: responsabilizeaz\u0103 poli\u021bistul, contribuie la recunoa\u0219terea faptelor de c\u0103tre suspec\u021bi, scurteaz\u0103 procesele. \u00cenainte de camere poli\u021bistul trebuia s\u0103 scrie totul c\u00e2nd interoga. Am schimbat legea \u0219i am conceput ghidurile pentru introducerea camerelor video \u00een proceduri. Fiecare poli\u021bist are acum camer\u0103, telefon \u0219i laptop. Totul e digitalizat. Datele adunate astfel ne spun foarte multe. Vorbim despre inteligen\u021b\u0103 augmentat\u0103, nu despre inteligen\u021b\u0103 artificial\u0103<\/em>\u201d, subliniaz\u0103 Marsh, grijuliu cu termenii ce ar putea st\u00e2rni suspiciuni \u00een public.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Datele str\u00e2nse din activitatea cotidian\u0103 a poli\u021biei (patrule de teren, telefoane, camere video, GPS-ul de pe ma\u0219inile de poli\u021bie) sunt analizate \u0219i prelucrate \u00eentr-un sistem introdus \u00een 2017, Qlik Sense, un program dezvoltat de o companie american\u0103 de inteligence, Qlik Technologies. Acesta a unit zece baze de date separate cu care lucra poli\u021bia Bristol p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci, integr\u00e2nd astfel \u00eentr-un singur sistem toate activit\u0103\u021bile poli\u021biei, de la apeluri la 999 (englezii nu au num\u0103rul unic de urgen\u021b\u0103 european 112), baze de date cu amprente \u0219i ADN, cazier sau eviden\u021ba conduc\u0103torilor auto.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rezultatul este impresionat \u0219i intimidant. Este un instrument formidabil \u00een m\u00e2na unei for\u021be a statului, care de\u021bine astfel controlul prin profilarea popula\u021biei. Se cunosc zonele cu poten\u021bial infrac\u021bional, cine e mai \u00eenclinat s\u0103 comit\u0103 infrac\u021biuni \u00eentr-o zon\u0103, ce trecut are, dac\u0103 consum\u0103 sau nu droguri \u0219i pe baza acestor factori i se calculeaz\u0103 probabilistic viitorul. Un poli\u021bist de circula\u021bie \u0219tie, de exemplu, cine se afl\u0103 la volanul unei ma\u0219ini \u00eenainte de a o opri \u00een trafic, iar asta \u00eei ia prin surprindere pe \u0219oferi, spun m\u00e2ndri poli\u021bi\u0219tii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sistemul ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii despre poten\u021biali autori de infrac\u021biuni \u0219i asta face ca poli\u021bia Bristol s\u0103 fie cel mai bun serviciu de poli\u021bie din regat, \u00een materie de r\u0103spuns rapid la 999, sus\u021bine Jonathan Dowey, analistul care ne-a vorbit \u00een detaliu despre Qlik. Sistemul se actualizeaz\u0103 permanent pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce adun\u0103 informa\u021bii din toate sursele la care are acces. Probabil p\u00e2n\u0103 la prinderea infractorilor \u00eenainte de a comite fapta nu mai e mult, a\u0219a cum se \u00eent\u00e2mpla \u00een anul 2054 \u00een filmul <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0181689\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Minority report<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201e<em>E un sistem de verificare \u00eencruci\u0219at\u0103, care ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 vedem riscurile, amenin\u021b\u0103rile, oportunit\u0103\u021bile. Putem vedea riscul de vulnerabilitate al unei persoane sau poten\u021bialul de a comite o infrac\u021biune. Ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 prioritiz\u0103m priorit\u0103\u021bile \u00eentr-o vreme a resurselor limitate. Aceasta este poli\u021bia viitorului, digitalizat\u0103, analitic\u0103<\/em>\u201d, spune Andy Marsh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PBvQUI83lfQ\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Singurul punct slab al acestei ma\u0219in\u0103rii bine pus\u0103 la punct este tot elementul uman. Mai exact politicienii care \u00eenc\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rzie s\u0103 se pun\u0103 de acord pentru a uni cele 43 de baze de date ale poli\u021biilor jude\u021bene din regat, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t un infractor itinerant s\u0103 fie prins mai rapid dec\u00e2t acum. \u00cen prezent, dac\u0103 un nou venit comite o infrac\u021biune \u0219i nu are cazier pe raza Bristolului, el nu e identificat imediat \u00een baza de date pentru c\u0103 nu exist\u0103 acolo. Dac\u0103 afl\u0103 pe unde a mai umblat \u00eenainte, poli\u021bistul \u00ee\u0219i poate \u00eentreba colegii din Londra sau din alte zone, dac\u0103 au ceva informa\u021bii despre respectivul.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nu am aflat \u00een aceast\u0103 vizit\u0103 \u0219i dac\u0103 rata criminalit\u0103\u021bii \u00een Bristol a sc\u0103zut de c\u00e2nd poli\u021bia e ajutat\u0103 de Qlik, \u00eens\u0103 e clar c\u0103 acest sistem extraordinar, n\u0103scut din dorin\u021ba poli\u021biei de a dep\u0103\u0219i neajunsurile secolului 20, ne aduce tot mai aproape de fic\u021biunile pe care p\u00e2n\u0103 acum le vedeam numai \u00een filme. Profilarea, atunci c\u00e2nd e f\u0103cut\u0103 \u00een scop comercial de marile re\u021bele sociale sau de Internet, are cu totul alte valen\u021be c\u00e2nd e f\u0103cut\u0103 de o institu\u021bie de for\u021b\u0103 a statului. E adev\u0103rat c\u0103 aduce beneficii indiscutabile siguran\u021bei cet\u0103\u021beanului, dar \u00een m\u00e2inile unor corup\u021bi are \u0219i poten\u021bial \u00eenfrico\u0219\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen episodul de m\u00e2ine citi\u021bi ce face un poli\u021bist englez c\u00e2nd e amenin\u021bat cu arma pe strad\u0103, c\u00e2te apeluri false primesc ei la 999 \u0219i cum se descurc\u0103 un rom\u00e2n \u00een unitatea de elit\u0103 a poli\u021biei din Bristol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dollo.ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dollores Benezic<\/a><\/p>\n[box type=&#8221;info&#8221;]<a href=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/osji.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4670\" src=\"https:\/\/apador.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/osji.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"141\" \/><\/a>Aceast\u0103 vizit\u0103 de studiu a fost posibil\u0103 cu ajutorul \u0219i finan\u021barea Open Society Justice Initiative \u0219i continu\u0103 proiectele \u0219i ini\u021biativele organiza\u021biei \u00een domeniul justi\u021biei penale.[\/box]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Citi\u021bi \u0219i primul episod, despre justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 cu judec\u0103tori din comunitate:<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Sy72cWZfGH\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.apador.org\/blog\/politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-i\/\">Poli\u021bia viitorului \u0219i justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 de profani (I)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8222;Poli\u021bia viitorului \u0219i justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 de profani (I)&#8221; &#8212; APADOR-CH\" src=\"https:\/\/www.apador.org\/blog\/politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-i\/embed\/#?secret=Sy72cWZfGH\" data-secret=\"Sy72cWZfGH\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0219i episodul 3:<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"DRXOlzcArc\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.apador.org\/blog\/politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-iii\/\">Poli\u021bia viitorului \u0219i justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 de profani (III)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8222;Poli\u021bia viitorului \u0219i justi\u021bia f\u0103cut\u0103 de profani (III)&#8221; &#8212; APADOR-CH\" src=\"https:\/\/www.apador.org\/blog\/politia-viitorului-si-justitia-facuta-de-profani-iii\/embed\/#?secret=DRXOlzcArc\" data-secret=\"DRXOlzcArc\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e2\u021biva poli\u021bi\u0219ti, avoca\u021bi \u0219i ONG-i\u0219ti rom\u00e2ni au vizitat Bristolul ca s\u0103 afle cum se face dreptatea la englezi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1026,1022],"tags":[1051,1126,1165,1236,383,1250],"class_list":["post-4661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole","category-articole-reportaje","tag-arest-bristol","tag-drepturiarestati","tag-interceptare-telefoane-marea-britanie","tag-politia-bristol","tag-politisti","tag-probe-adn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4661"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4661\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apador.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}