Romania is, since 1994, a state party to the „Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms” and it subject to the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. Also in the European Union, Romania has signed the Lisbon Treaty in December 2007 containing the „Charter of Fundamental Rights”.
What are the fundamental civil and political rights?
Absolute rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights
- Right to life (Article 2 ECHR)
- The right not to be subjected to torture and ill-treatment (Article 3 ECHR)
- The right not to be subjected to slavery and forced labor (Article 4 ECHR)
- The right not to be subject to penalties provided by law (Article 7 ECHR)
- Right not to be tried and punished 2 times (art. 4 Protocol. 7 ECHR)
Relative rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights
- The right to liberty and security (Article 5 ECHR)
- Right to a fair trial (Article 6 ECHR) and the right to two levels of jurisdiction in criminal matters (Article 2 of Protocol. 7 ECHR)
- Right to respect for private and family life, home and correspondence (Article 8 ECHR)
- Freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Article 9 ECHR)
- Freedom of expression (Article 10 ECHR)
- Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11 ECHR)
- Right to marry (Article 12 ECHR) and equality between spouses (Article 5 Protocol. 7 ECHR)
- Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 ECHR)
- The right to property (Article 1 of Protocol no. 1 ECHR)
- Right to education (Article 2 Protocol. 1 ECHR)
- Freedom of movement (Article 2 Protocol. 4 ECHR)